Nodular Pulmonary Amyloidosis: A Manifestation of Sjögren's Syndrome.

CASE DESCRIPTION: A 72-year-old woman with primary Sjögren Syndrome (SS) was diagnosed during an inpatient hospital stay with dry symptoms. The patient had respiratory and constitutional symptoms, requiring a pulmonary imaging evaluation by high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) of the thorax. CLINICAL FINDINGS: Multiple cavitary pulmonary nodules, halo sign, and focal areas of ground-glass opacity with predominance in both bases were found in the images. Complementary studies were done where a neoplastic focus was ruled out. The diagnosis of nodular pulmonary amyloidosis was confirmed with a pulmonary biopsy performed by videothoracoscopy for histopathological study, which reported the formation of nodules in the parenchyma with amyloid deposits and positive immunohistochemical markers for CD3, CD20, and CD38 lymphocytic infiltration. TREATMENT AND OUTCOME: Initial inpatient management with intravenous cyclophosphamide and methylprednisolone was given. Subsequent outpatient management was given with high dose glucocorticoids. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: We presented a case of nodular pulmonary amyloidosis in a female patient with primary SS, which is a rare pulmonary manifestation of this syndrome.

Panhipopituitarismo secundario a metástasis del sistema nervioso central por un adenocarcinoma broncogénico / Panhypopituitarism secondary to metastasis of the central nervous system due to a bronchogenic adenocarcinoma

Resumen Mujer de 45 años de edad con antecedente de extabaquismo pesado, cursó con cuadro crónico de cefalea en región occipital irradiado a región temporal asociado a disminución de la agudeza visual de ojo izquierdo. El cuadro empeoró en los últimos seis meses y se asoció a polidipsia y poliuria. Presentó cuadro sincopal con amnesia retrógrada, para lo cual se realizó una tomografía axial computarizada (TAC) contrastada de cráneo que mostró múltiples lesiones parenquimatosas cerebrales y del cerebelo compatibles con metástasis. Se hizo estudio hormonal para evaluar la función hipofisiaria evidenciando un panhipopituitarismo secundario. Se detectó foco primario neoplásico mediante TAC contrastada de tórax, evidenciando una lesión espiculada en el lóbulo superior derecho sugestiva de carcinoma broncogénico, posteriormente se tomó biopsia por fibrobroncoscopia el cual confirmó por histopatología e inmunohistoquímica el diagnóstico de un adenocarcinoma broncogénico. (Acta Med Colomb 2018; 43: 115-118).

Abstract A 45-year-old woman with a history of heavy extabaquism presented with chronic headache in the occipital region irradiated to the temporal region associated with decreased visual acuity of the left eye. The picture worsened in the last six months and was associated with polydipsia and polyuria. She presented a syncopal picture with retrograde amnesia, for which a contrast computed tomography (CT) of the skull was performed, which showed multiple parenchymal brain and cerebellar lesions compatible with metastasis. Hormonal study was done to evaluate the hypophyseal function evidencing a secondary panhypopituitarism. A primary neoplastic focus was detected by a contrast chest CT scan, showing a spiculated lesion in the right upper lobe suggestive of bronchogenic carcinoma. A biopsy was subsequently taken by fibrobronchoscopy, which confirmed the diagnosis of a bronchogenic adenocarcinoma by histopathology and immunohistochemistry. (Acta Med Colomb 2018; 43: 115-118).

Aortitis sifilítica: "una vieja olvidada" / Syphilitic aortitis: Old and forgotten. Report of a case

Resumen Se expone el caso de un paciente de sexo masculino, de 69 años, con antecedentes de hipertensión arterial, tabaquismo, ataque cerebrovascular, fibrilación auricular, insuficiencia aórtica y cardiopatía isquémica, quien ingresa a un hospital de alta complejidad por deterioro de la clase funcional, edema de miembros inferiores y episodios de palpitaciones. En la ecocardiografía se halló fracción de eyección normal, insuficiencia aórtica grave y dilatación de aorta ascendente con criterios quirúrgicos. Dentro de los estudios prequirúrgicos, se documentó VDRL reactivo en títulos altos y confirmación del diagnóstico de sífilis con TP-PA. Se realizó reemplazo valvular aórtico con prótesis biológica e injerto de dacrón en aorta ascendente, y el estudio patológico del material quirúrgico confirmó aortitis sifilítica. Se presenta una revisión respecto a esta patología poco frecuente en la actualidad.

Abstract The case is presented of a 69-year-old male patient with a history of arterial hypertension, smoking, stroke, atrial fibrillation, aortic regurgitation, and ischaemic heart disease, who was admitted to a tertiary hospital due to functional class deterioration, lower limb oedema, and episodes of palpitations. A normal ejection fraction, with severe aortic regurgitation and ascending aortic dilation with surgical criteria, was found on echocardiography. Within pre-surgical studies, the VDRL had high titres and confirmation of the diagnosis of syphilis with TP-PA. Aortic valve replacement was performed using a biological prosthesis and Dacron graft in the ascending aorta. The histopathology study of the surgical material confirmed syphilitic aortitis. A review is presented on the current status of this rare pathology.